Resultados da política de revalidação de diplomas estrangeiros no Brasil (2011 – 2020)

Abstract

This thesis aims to analyze the results of the foreign diploma revalidation policy in Brazil based on the National Exam for Revalidation of Medical Diplomas (Revalida) and the Carolina Bori Platform, implemented from 2011 to 2020. The research sought to answer the following research problem and related questions: 1) What are the results of the foreign diploma revalidation policy in Brazil, based on the adoption of Revalida and the Carolina Bori Platform, implemented in the period from 2011 to 2020?; 2) With the adoption of Revalida and the Carolina Bori Platform, were the proposed initial objectives achieved?; 3) How is the movement outlined by the diploma revalidation policy characterized, with regard to the profile of the actors, the origin of the diplomas (destinations) and the procedural aspects of the revalidation of diplomas carried out through the Revalida and Carolina Bori Platform?; 4) To what extent are the regulatory mechanisms and the use of revalidation platforms (Revalidat and Carolina Bori Platform); the binomial evaluation and quality and benchmarking practices; and the influences of cross-border education decisive in the policy of revalidating foreign diplomas in Brazil? This is an investigation with a qualitative approach, developed through documentary research and in parallel as a basis for the analyzes the bibliographical survey. The documentary corpus used in the research was based on: a) data (open and restricted) on editions of Revalida, from 2011 to 2020, collected from the following sources: Inep electronic portal; Revalida Panel; SEDAP; Fala.BR; b) data (open and restricted) from the Carolina Bori Platform on requests for revalidation in the years 2017 to 2020 collected from the Carolina Bori Portal; e-SIC; and Fala.BR. c) subsidiary data of bibliographical origin collected throughout the investigation. It was based on the thesis that the revalidation of foreign diplomas in Brazil is no longer merely protocol and becomes a central issue on the agenda of the Brazilian State that involves the Executive, Legislative and Judiciary powers in their processes, insofar as mobility of Brazilians in search of graduation diplomas outside the country presents constant and growing demand, being a problem of the capitalist society that generates side effects, with emphasis on the strengthening of commerce via cross-border education to the detriment of investment in quality higher education. Thus, the mechanisms for regulating and platforming revalidation (Revalida and Plataforma Carolina Bori) designed by the Brazilian State are not enough to guarantee the seal of the title. The data allowed us to verify that the results of Revalida and the Carolina Bori Platform are increasing in the period in question and despite of polarized measures by the Brazilian State to solve or, at least, to equalize the problem of revalidation in the country, it ends up not being carried out as planned due to weaknesses in the formulation and implementation of the policy and the interests of those involved. With the analysis of the actors, destinations and processes, it was found that: most of the revalidating candidates are Brazilians who are looking for a medical degree, especially in countries bordering Brazil, especially Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, Venezuela and the Bolivian HEIs (UDABOL and UCEBOL) that demonstrate expressive numbers of diplomas. Federal universities are the ones with the highest number of adhesions to both measures developed by the Brazilian State and, although UNESP has the highest number of requests, it is UFRGS that revalidates more diplomas than those approved through Revalida. And UFMG, in the Carolina Bori Platform, is the university that offered the most vacancies, as well as the highest number of requests, that surpasses the other universities in the general total of completed processes. Despite the effective participation of 37,957 revalidating candidates, only 14.62% were approved over the 10 years of Revalida's implementation. And around 13% of the 5,589 requests on the Carolina Bori Platform were revalidated and, therefore, the results of the revalidation policy are for rejection, explaining tensions with the ongoing processes. Data analysis allowed confirming that Revalida and the Carolina Bori Platform are measures developed by the Brazilian State, orchestrated by the Federal Executive, in the figure of Inep and MEC, respectively, in search of solving or at least resolving the existing demand for revalidation of diplomas in the country, as well as speeding up the process. It is also observed that there is a failure by the State to adopt structuring measures in higher education policy that make universities responsible for the burden of the revalidation process.